A tiny, bipedal robot that combines muscle tissue with artificial materials can walk and turn by contracting its muscles.
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A tiny, biohybrid robot moves by contracting lab-grown muscle tissue in its legs – but it needs help to stand up in a water tank and it tops out at just 5.4 millimetres per minute
By James Woodford
26 January 2024
While biohybrid robots that crawl and swim have been built before with lab-grown muscle, this is the first such bipedal robot that can pivot and make sharp turns. It does this by applying electricity to one of its legs to make the muscle contract, while the other leg remains anchored. The muscle acts as a biological actuator – a component that converts electrical energy into mechanical force.
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At the moment, the robot, which is only 3 centimetres tall, cannot support itself in air and has a foam buoy to help it stand up in a water tank. The muscles are grown from rat cells in a laboratory.
“This is still basic research,” says team member Shoji Takeuchi at the University of Tokyo, Japan. “We are not at the stage where this robot itself can be used anywhere. To make it work in the air, many more related issues would need to be solved, but we believe it can be done by increasing the muscular strength.”
The robot is still extraordinarily slow by human standards, moving just 5.4 millimetres per minute. It also takes over a minute to turn 90 degrees, with an electric stimulation every 5 seconds.
